How to get the current line number from an executing stored procedure

This question actually came up 2.5 years ago on StackOverflow, and I posted an Answer there:

SQL print line number in comment of dynamically created stored procedure?

The relevant portion of that Answer is copied below:

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You can use TRY / CATCH with a forced error as the CATCH block can return the line number that the error occurred on via the ERROR_LINE() function. The full construct, formatted for readability, is:

DECLARE @Line INT = -1; -- default to an invalid line #

-- some code

BEGIN TRY
    ;THROW 50000, 'Line#', 1; -- all 3 values are arbitrary, but required
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    SET @LineNumber = ERROR_LINE();
END CATCH

-- some code

Now, to get the @LineNumber variable to populate with the line number that it is being set on, you can reduce that construct to a single line as follows:

BEGIN TRY;THROW 50000,'',1;END TRY BEGIN CATCH;SET @Line=ERROR_LINE();END CATCH

Please note that the THROW command started in SQL Server 2012. If you are using SQL Server 2005, 2008, or 2008 R2, then you need to use RAISERROR() function instead of THROW.

Adam Machanic sent me this in email

DECLARE @lineno INT
BEGIN TRY SET @lineno = 1/0 END TRY BEGIN CATCH SET @lineno = ERROR_LINE() END CATCH

It does qualify as a one line in my book.

Per @ScottGartner, a true one-liner.

BEGIN TRY print 1/0; END TRY BEGIN CATCH print 'Line Number: ' + CAST(ERROR_LINE() as nvarchar(20)); END CATCH;