How to insert a new element in between all elements of a JS array?

For getting a new array, you could concat the part an add a zero element for each element.

var array = ['a', 'b', 'c'],
    result = array.reduce((r, a) => r.concat(a, 0), [0]);
    
console.log(result);

Using the same array

var array = ['a', 'b', 'c'],
    i = 0;

while (i <= array.length) {
    array.splice(i, 0, 0);
    i += 2;
}

console.log(array);

A bit shorter with iterating from the end.

var array = ['a', 'b', 'c'],
    i = array.length;

do {
    array.splice(i, 0, 0);
} while (i--)

console.log(array);

Another way if you want to exclude the start and end of array is :

var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c']
var newArr = [...arr].map((e, i) => i < arr.length - 1 ? [e, 0] : [e]).reduce((a, b) => a.concat(b))

console.log(newArr)

You can use map() with ES6 spread syntax and concat()

var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c']
var newArr = [0].concat(...arr.map(e => [e, 0]))

console.log(newArr)

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