how to intercept innerHTML changes in javascript?

There is a modern way to catch innerhtml changes:

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/MutationObserver/observe

Example:

// identify an element to observe
elementToObserve = window.document.getElementById('y-range').children[0];

// create a new instance of 'MutationObserver' named 'observer', 
// passing it a callback function
observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutationsList, observer) {
    console.log(mutationsList);
});

// call 'observe' on that MutationObserver instance, 
// passing it the element to observe, and the options object
observer.observe(elementToObserve, {characterData: false, childList: true, attributes: false});

childList mutation fires on innerHTML change.

You can't listen to a DOM element change that way. change event is mostly for inputs

There is some other new DOM 3 events that would help you on this.

Here is some:

DOMCharacterDataModified //Draft

DOMSubtreeModified