how to limit a string in printf in c code example

Example: c++ char print fixed

/*
OUTPUT
char variable value: Programming
-----------------------------------------------------
[%s]       |Programming|
[%10s]     |Programming|
[%15s]     |    Programming|
[%-15s]    |Programming    |
[%15.5s]   |          Progr|
[%-15.5s]  |Progr          |
-----------------------------------------------------
*/

// NOTE: Specifically used for char data-types (not strings)

char str[]="Programming";    // Length = 11  

std::cout << "[%s]       |";
printf("%s",str);      // Display Complete String  
std::cout << "|\n";

std::cout << "[%10s]     |";
printf("%10s",str);    // 10 < Length: Display Complete String  
std::cout << "|\n";

std::cout << "[%15s]     |";
printf("%15s",str);    // 15 > Length: Displays Complete String with 4 spaces Alignment:Right  
std::cout << "|\n";

std::cout << "[%-15s]    |";
printf("%-15s",str);   // Same as Above But Left Aligned
std::cout << "|\n";

std::cout << "[%15.5s]   |";
printf("%15.5s",str);  // 15-5 = 10 spaces and show first 5 characters Align : R    
std::cout << "|\n";

std::cout << "[%-15.5s]  |";
printf("%-15.5s",str); // 15-5 = 10 spaces and show first 5 characters Align : L  
std::cout << "|\n";