How to mount an Android smartphone as a drive in Windows?

Historically Android phones did support two major protocols when presenting themselves to USB hosts: (1) Mass storage class (MSC), and (2) MTP/PTP device (media transfer protocol, with camera capabilities). The USB mode was user-selectable in the settings menu. Since the Mass Storage provides almost direct access to phone file directories (as from CMD), there were many cases of phone bricking (corruption). As a result, newer phones do not offer the MSC configuration mode, only MTP/PTP. So the answer to your question is "you can't", unless your particular Android phone does have the MSC/MTP switch.

Here is some answer from Photography stackexchange.

If you want to have a drive with letter you should install some software. Look at this

I guess you know how to perform single copy operations on files in windows but I'll detail the process for you just in case:

After plugin it, usually it needs another interaction more to be done in phone's side. You can drop down the push events and select there to mount your phone as a drive (MTP/PTP), you can select also only to charge power on phone.

It depends of your android version. Here are a couple of images of what I'm talking about:

Install a webdav server on your 'phone. The webdav server delivers the data in a given storage partition on your phone to a specific TCP/IP address. On your Windows PC you can then open this IP Address and link a drive letter to it.

OP: https://forums.androidcentral.com/samsung-galaxy-s3/210019-how-can-i-get-drive-letter-windows.html#post2172515

It should be noted that file system options will be limited because any supported file system options must be supported by all the interacting systems.