How to reconnect clients to WSUS after 1809 causes problems after install
Looks like our bug report made it to the fix team and the April update has fixed this issue.
2019-04 Cumulative Update for Windows 10 Version 1809 or x64-based Systems (KB4493509)
This update once installed has reconnected my clients and updates are now coming back from WSUS. Hope this works in your environments as well.