How to remove all debug logging calls before building the release version of an Android app?

I find a far easier solution is to forget all the if checks all over the place and just use ProGuard to strip out any Log.d() or Log.v() method calls when we call our Ant release target.

That way, we always have the debug info being output for regular builds and don't have to make any code changes for release builds. ProGuard can also do multiple passes over the bytecode to remove other undesired statements, empty blocks and can automatically inline short methods where appropriate.

For example, here's a very basic ProGuard config for Android:

-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses
-dontobfuscate
-forceprocessing
-optimizationpasses 5

-keep class * extends android.app.Activity
-assumenosideeffects class android.util.Log {
    public static *** d(...);
    public static *** v(...);
}

So you would save that to a file, then call ProGuard from Ant, passing in your just-compiled JAR and the Android platform JAR you're using.

See also the examples in the ProGuard manual.

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Update (4.5 years later): Nowadays I used Timber for Android logging.

Not only is it a bit nicer than the default Log implementation — the log tag is set automatically, and it's easy to log formatted strings and exceptions — but you can also specify different logging behaviours at runtime.

In this example, logging statements will only be written to logcat in debug builds of my app:

Timber is set up in my Application onCreate() method:

if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) {
  Timber.plant(new Timber.DebugTree());
}

Then anywhere else in my code I can log easily:

Timber.d("Downloading URL: %s", url);
try {
  // ...
} catch (IOException ioe) {
  Timber.e(ioe, "Bad things happened!");
}

See the Timber sample app for a more advanced example, where all log statements are sent to logcat during development and, in production, no debug statements are logged, but errors are silently reported to Crashlytics.

All good answers, but when I was finished with my development I didn´t want to either use if statements around all the Log calls, nor did I want to use external tools.

So the solution I`m using is to replace the android.util.Log class with my own Log class:

public class Log {
    static final boolean LOG = BuildConfig.DEBUG;

    public static void i(String tag, String string) {
        if (LOG) android.util.Log.i(tag, string);
    }
    public static void e(String tag, String string) {
        if (LOG) android.util.Log.e(tag, string);
    }
    public static void d(String tag, String string) {
        if (LOG) android.util.Log.d(tag, string);
    }
    public static void v(String tag, String string) {
        if (LOG) android.util.Log.v(tag, string);
    }
    public static void w(String tag, String string) {
        if (LOG) android.util.Log.w(tag, string);
    }
}

The only thing I had to do in all the source files was to replace the import of android.util.Log with my own class.

I suggest having a static boolean somewhere indicating whether or not to log:

class MyDebug {
  static final boolean LOG = true;
}

Then wherever you want to log in your code, just do this:

if (MyDebug.LOG) {
  if (condition) Log.i(...);
}

Now when you set MyDebug.LOG to false, the compiler will strip out all code inside such checks (since it is a static final, it knows at compile time that code is not used.)

For larger projects, you may want to start having booleans in individual files to be able to easily enable or disable logging there as needed. For example, these are the various logging constants we have in the window manager:

static final String TAG = "WindowManager";
static final boolean DEBUG = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_FOCUS = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_ANIM = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_LAYOUT = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_RESIZE = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_LAYERS = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_INPUT = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_INPUT_METHOD = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_VISIBILITY = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_WINDOW_MOVEMENT = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_ORIENTATION = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_APP_TRANSITIONS = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_STARTING_WINDOW = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_REORDER = false;
static final boolean DEBUG_WALLPAPER = false;
static final boolean SHOW_TRANSACTIONS = false;
static final boolean HIDE_STACK_CRAWLS = true;
static final boolean MEASURE_LATENCY = false;

With corresponding code like:

    if (DEBUG_FOCUS || DEBUG_WINDOW_MOVEMENT) Log.v(
        TAG, "Adding window " + window + " at "
        + (i+1) + " of " + mWindows.size() + " (after " + pos + ")");