How to replicate do while in go?

When this question was asked this was a better answer for this specific scenario (little did I know this would be the #1 result when searching Google for "do while loop golang"). For answering this question generically please see @LinearZoetrope's answer below.

Wrap your function in a for loop:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Press 1 to run")
    fmt.Println("Press 2 to exit")
    for {
        sample()
    }
}

func sample() {
    var input int
    n, err := fmt.Scanln(&input)
    if n < 1 || err != nil {
         fmt.Println("invalid input")
         return
    }
    switch input {
    case 1:
        fmt.Println("hi")
    case 2:
        os.Exit(2)
    default:
        fmt.Println("def")
    }
}

A for loop without any declarations is equivalent to a while loop in other C-like languages. Check out the Effective Go documentation which covers the for loop.

A do..while can more directly be emulated in Go with a for loop using a bool loop variable seeded with true.

for ok := true; ok; ok = EXPR { }

is more or less directly equivalent to

do { } while(EXPR)

So in your case:

var input int
for ok := true; ok; ok = (input != 2) {
    n, err := fmt.Scanln(&input)
    if n < 1 || err != nil {
        fmt.Println("invalid input")
        break
    }

    switch input {
    case 1:
        fmt.Println("hi")
    case 2:
        // Do nothing (we want to exit the loop)
        // In a real program this could be cleanup
    default:
        fmt.Println("def")
    }
}

Edit: Playground (with a dummied-out Stdin)

Though, admittedly, in this case it's probably overall clearer to just explicitly call (labelled) break, return, or os.Exit in the loop.