how to return a dictionary in python django and view it in javascript?

Very simply:

import json
data = {'val1' : 'this is x', 'val2' : True}
return HttpResponse( json.dumps( data ) )

You can not directly use the python object you have to convert it into JSON string first Look into following documentation.

http://docs.python.org/library/json.html also http://www.json.org/

JSON is easiest way to transfer data(also you can use XML).

In python:

    import json
    data = {'val1': "this is x", 'val2': True}
    return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data))

In javascript:

    function (data) {
        data = JSON.parse(data);
        if (data["val2"]) {
            alert(data["val1"]);
        }
    }

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