How to skip the evaluation of ampersand in command line?

You need to put the address in quotes:

chromium-browser 'http://whatever.com/?x=1&y=2'

Quotes will fix this but you can also escape things with a back-slash:

echo http://whatever.com/?x=1\&y=2

Not saying this is better, by any means, it's just another option for situations like this.