How to support HTTP OPTIONS verb in ASP.NET MVC/WebAPI application

As Daniel A. White said in his comment, the OPTIONS request is most likely created by the client as part of a cross domain JavaScript request. This is done automatically by Cross Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) compliant browsers. The request is a preliminary or pre-flight request, made before the actual AJAX request to determine which request verbs and headers are supported for CORS. The server can elect to support it for none, all or some of the HTTP verbs.

To complete the picture, the AJAX request has an additional "Origin" header, which identified where the original page which is hosting the JavaScript was served from. The server can elect to support request from any origin, or just for a set of known, trusted origins. Allowing any origin is a security risk since is can increase the risk of Cross site Request Forgery (CSRF).

So, you need to enable CORS.

Here is a link that explains how to do this in ASP.Net Web API

http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/security/enabling-cross-origin-requests-in-web-api#enable-cors

The implementation described there allows you to specify, amongst other things

• CORS support on a per-action, per-controller or global basis
• The supported origins
• When enabling CORS a a controller or global level, the supported HTTP verbs
• Whether the server supports sending credentials with cross-origin requests

In general, this works fine, but you need to make sure you are aware of the security risks, especially if you allow cross origin requests from any domain. Think very carefully before you allow this.

In terms of which browsers support CORS, Wikipedia says the following engines support it:

• Gecko 1.9.1 (FireFox 3.5)
• WebKit (Safari 4, Chrome 3)
• MSHTML/Trident 6 (IE10) with partial support in IE8 and 9
• Presto (Opera 12)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-origin_resource_sharing#Browser_support

Mike Goodwin answer is great but it seemed, when I tried it, that it was aimed at MVC5/WebApi 2.1. The dependencies for Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Cors didn't play nicely with my MVC4 project.

The simplest way to enable CORS on WebApi with MVC4 was the following.

Note that I have allowed all, I suggest you limit the Origin's to just the clients you want your API to serve. Allowing everything is a security risk.

Web.config:

<system.webServer>
    <httpProtocol>
      <customHeaders>
        <add name="Access-Control-Allow-Origin" value="*" />
        <add name="Access-Control-Allow-Methods" value="GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, HEAD" />
        <add name="Access-Control-Allow-Headers" value="Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept" />
      </customHeaders>
    </httpProtocol>
</system.webServer>

BaseApiController.cs:

We do this to allow the OPTIONS http verb

 public class BaseApiController : ApiController
  {
    public HttpResponseMessage Options()
    {
      return new HttpResponseMessage { StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.OK };
    }
  }

After encountering the same issue in a Web API 2 project (and being unable to use the standard CORS packages for reasons not worth going into here), I was able to resolve this by implementing a custom DelagatingHandler:

public class AllowOptionsHandler : DelegatingHandler
{
    protected override async Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(
        HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var response = await base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);

        if (request.Method == HttpMethod.Options &&
            response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.MethodNotAllowed)
        {
            response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK);
        }

        return response;
    }
}

For the Web API configuration:

config.MessageHandlers.Add(new AllowOptionsHandler());

Note that I also have the CORS headers enabled in Web.config, similar to some of the other answers posted here:

<system.webServer>
  <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true">
    <remove name="WebDAVModule" />
  </modules>

  <httpProtocol>
    <customHeaders>
      <add name="Access-Control-Allow-Origin" value="*" />
      <add name="Access-Control-Allow-Headers" value="accept, cache-control, content-type, authorization" />
      <add name="Access-Control-Allow-Methods" value="GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS" />
    </customHeaders>
  </httpProtocol>

  <handlers>
    <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" />
    <remove name="TRACEVerbHandler" />
    <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="*" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler" preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0" />
  </handlers>
</system.webServer>

Note that my project does not include MVC, only Web API 2.

Just add this to your Application_OnBeginRequest method (this will enable CORS support globally for your application) and "handle" preflight requests :

var res = HttpContext.Current.Response;
var req = HttpContext.Current.Request;
res.AppendHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", req.Headers["Origin"]);
res.AppendHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");
res.AppendHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Content-Type, X-CSRF-Token, X-Requested-With, Accept, Accept-Version, Content-Length, Content-MD5, Date, X-Api-Version, X-File-Name");
res.AppendHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "POST,GET,PUT,PATCH,DELETE,OPTIONS");

// ==== Respond to the OPTIONS verb =====
if (req.HttpMethod == "OPTIONS")
{
    res.StatusCode = 200;
    res.End();
}

* security: be aware that this will enable ajax requests from anywhere to your server (you can instead only allow a comma separated list of Origins/urls if you prefer).

I used current client origin instead of * because this will allow credentials => setting Access-Control-Allow-Credentials to true will enable cross browser session managment

also you need to enable delete and put, patch and options verbs in your webconfig section system.webServer, otherwise IIS will block them :

<handlers>
  <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_32bit" />
  <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_64bit" />
  <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" />
  <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_32bit" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\aspnet_isapi.dll" preCondition="classicMode,runtimeVersionv4.0,bitness32" responseBufferLimit="0" />
  <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_64bit" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\aspnet_isapi.dll" preCondition="classicMode,runtimeVersionv4.0,bitness64" responseBufferLimit="0" />
  <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler" preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0" />
</handlers>

hope this helps