If $G$ is a finite group, $H$ is a subgroup of $G$, and there is an element of $G/H$ of order $n$, then there is an element of $G$ of order $n$
One can prove the following proposition (see below):
If $G$ is a finite group and $H$ is a normal subgroup then $\forall g\in G$, $o(gH)\mid o(g)$, where $o(g)$ denotes the order of $g$.
Suppose $o(g)=l$, $o(gH)=n.$ By using above proposition
$$n\mid l\Rightarrow \exists r\ , \space l=nr.$$
Now let $b:=g^r$ and suppose $o(b)=k$. We have
$$b=g^r\Rightarrow b^n=g^{nr}=g^l=e$$
$$\Rightarrow k\mid n \qquad(*)$$
On the other hand
$$b^k=e\Rightarrow g^{kr}=e\Rightarrow l\mid rk\Rightarrow rn\mid rk$$
$$\Rightarrow n\mid k \qquad(**)$$
By considering $(*)$ and $(**)$, $k=n$ is concluded.
Proof of the proposition:
Here's a slightly more general statement that might actually isolate the fact better.
Let $f:G\rightarrow G^{\prime}$ be a homomorphism. Then the order of $f(g)$ divides the order of $g$.
In your case, you are just talking about the projection $f:G\rightarrow G/H$.
Suppose $o(g)=n$ and $o(f(g))=m$, so $g^n=e$ by cosidering that $f$ is homomorphism one can conclude:
$$f(g^n)=f(e)=e\Rightarrow (f(g))^n=e \Rightarrow m\mid n.$$
(Reminder: $g^k=e$ implies that the order of $g$ divides $k$.)
If $gH$ has order $n$ we get $g^n\in H$. Let $t$ be the order of $g^n$. Then the order of $g$ is $nt$ (why?). In the cyclic subgroup generated by $g$ there exists an element of order $n$ (why?).
Let $a\in G/H, |a|=n$ and $c\in G$ is a preimage of $a$. Then $[\langle c\rangle H:H]=n$. Since $\langle c\rangle H/H \cong \langle c\rangle/\langle c\rangle\cap H$ we have $|\langle c\rangle| =n|\langle c\rangle\cap H|$. Therefore the cyclic group $\langle c\rangle$ contains an element of order $n$.