In what sense are operads "better" than PROPs?

I was friends with Frank Adams and Saunders Mac Lane, who invented PROPs in one of the world's most extensive unpublished collaborations. Saunders once showed me a box full of their correspondence. One reason they never published is that they lacked a way of showing the PROPs they were interested in acted on the things they wanted to have actions. Operads are of course equivalent to a special kind of PROP, and the specialization made it very much easier to find operad actions. The connection with monads was intrinsic to the definition of operads (I convinced Mac Lane to switch from "triples'' to "monads" in Categories for the Working Mathematician in large part in order to make the names operad and monad to mesh) and operads allowed tons of explicit computations (in the homology of iterated loop spaces in particular) that would not have not come naturally if at all from PROPs. Of course, there are interesting examples of PROPs of the more general sort, ones that do not come from an operad, but they are irrelevant to the original work with iterated loop spaces.


One thing you can do with an operad that you cannot do with a prop is write down a monad such that algebras over the monad correspond to algebras over the operad. For example, Hopf algebras have a prop but not an operad, and don't even have a monad: I believe the forgetful functor from Hopf algebras to vector spaces doesn't have a left adjoint, so cannot be monadic. This means that you can't apply useful results like monadic resolutions, etc. to algebras over props.