Increment a GUID

Python 2, 50

• 3 bytes saved thanks to @Dennis.

lambda s:UUID(int=UUID(s).int+1)
from uuid import*

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JavaScript (ES6), 85 bytes

The output string is in lowercase.

s=>(g=(c,x=+('0x'+s[--n])+!!c)=>1/x?g(x>>4)+(x&15).toString(16):~n?g(c)+'-':'')(n=36)

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Commented

s => (                   // s = GUID
  g = (                  // g = recursive function taking:
    c,                   //   c = carry from the previous iteration
    x = +('0x' + s[--n]) //   x = decimal conversion of the current digit
        + !!c            //       add the carry
  ) =>                   //
    1 / x ?              // if x is numeric:
      g(x >> 4) +        //   do a recursive call, using the new carry
      (x & 15)           //   and append the next digit
      .toString(16)      //   converted back to hexadecimal 
    :                    // else:
      ~n ?               //   if n is not equal to -1:
        g(c)             //     do a recursive call, leaving the current carry unchanged
        + '-'            //     and append a hyphen
      :                  //   else:
        ''               //     stop recursion
)(n = 36)                // initial call to g with n = 36 and a truthy carry

05AB1E, 17 15 18 bytes

Saved 2 bytes thanks to Kevin Cruijssen

'-K1ìH>h¦Ž¦˜S·£'-ý

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Explanation

'-K                  # remove "-" from input
   1ì                # prepend a 1 (to preserve leading 0s)
     H               # convert from hex to base 10
      >              # increment
       h             # convert to hex from base 10
        ¦            # remove the extra 1
         Ž¦˜S·       # push [8, 4, 4, 4, 12]
              £      # split into parts of these sizes
               '-ý   # join on "-"