Android Espresso testing 'Cannot resolve symbol 'InstrumentationRegistry''

try

compile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.2'

instead of

testCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.2'

Check what kind of test do you use.

InstrumentationRegistry used for Instrumented tests that use emulator or device and they are placed in src/androidTest and use config androidTestCompile.
If you use Local unit tests for JVM from folder src/test you should use config testCompile

testImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'

After that you can import InstrumentationRegistry, but you will get other errors at run-time.

it seems, com.android.support.test had been recently excluded from some other package (no clue which one), which also resulted in android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistryto be unknown; not excluding it from com.android.support.test:runner fixed the issue for me.

androidTestImplementation ("com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2") {
    // exclude group: "com.android.support.test"
    exclude group: "com.android.support"
}

basically, androidTestImplementation needs to contain com.android.support.test once.