Cannot connect to WPA2/WPA Enterprise (PEAP and MSCHAP)

I had the same problem, but I found a solution in this bug report:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/network-manager/+bug/1104476 (post 19)

Removing "system-ca-certs=true" from /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections may solve your problem.

I noticed that there aren't any lines like system-ca-certs=true in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/<SSID>, so I resolved in this way:

1. Turn off WiFi
2. Add on a new line system-ca-certs=false
3. Turn on WiFi (the line will be deleted automatically)

In Ubuntu 16.04 LTS:

1. Click on the Wi-Fi icon on the rigth corner and click "Edit Connections..."
2. Select your Wi-Fi network (eduroam) and click "Edit"
3. Click "Wi-Fi Security" tab
4. Set Authentication to "Protected EAP (PEAP)"
5. Tick "No CA certificate is required"
6. Set PEAP Version to "Automatic"
7. Set Inner Authentication to "MSCHAPv2"
8. Type your username and password
9. Click "Save"

You should be able to connect now. Editing the file in system-connections folder did not work for me.