Comma separated results in SQL

For Sql Server 2017 and later you can use the new STRING_AGG function

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/functions/string-agg-transact-sql

The following example replaces null values with 'N/A' and returns the names separated by commas in a single result cell.

SELECT STRING_AGG ( ISNULL(FirstName,'N/A'), ',') AS csv 
FROM Person.Person;

Here is the result set.

John,N/A,Mike,Peter,N/A,N/A,Alice,Bob

Perhaps a more common use case is to group together and then aggregate, just like you would with SUM, COUNT or AVG.

SELECT a.articleId, title, STRING_AGG (tag, ',') AS tags 
FROM dbo.Article AS a       
LEFT JOIN dbo.ArticleTag AS t 
    ON a.ArticleId = t.ArticleId 
GROUP BY a.articleId, title;

this works in sql server 2016

USE AdventureWorks
GO
DECLARE @listStr VARCHAR(MAX)
SELECT @listStr = COALESCE(@listStr+',' ,'') + Name
FROM Production.Product
SELECT @listStr
GO

Update (As suggested by @Aaron in the comment)

STRING_AGG is the preferred way of doing this in the modern versions of SQL Server.

Original Answer:

Use FOR XML PATH('') - which is converting the entries to a comma separated string and STUFF() -which is to trim the first comma- as follows Which gives you the same comma separated result

SELECT  STUFF((SELECT  ',' + INSTITUTIONNAME
            FROM EDUCATION EE
            WHERE  EE.STUDENTNUMBER=E.STUDENTNUMBER
            ORDER BY sortOrder
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('text()[1]','nvarchar(max)')
           , 1, LEN(','), '') AS listStr

FROM EDUCATION E
GROUP BY E.STUDENTNUMBER

Here is the FIDDLE