Complete list of iOS app permissions

All the keys you can add to your info.plist file are listed in Apple documentation and described.

For most background modes you need to add a key in Info.plist to indicate that the app wants to run code while in the background.

But this information is not used to ask user permission, only for ensuring device compatibility.

Only some services require user permission (like Geolocation and Notifications services), which are automatically asked to the user the very first time your application attempt to use the corresponding API.

It seems that there is no official list available.

So far I found these permissions, where the bold ones are basic permissions:

• Internet access
• accessing Geolocation
• using notifications services (receiving and/or showing?)
• talking to other apps
• accessing camera
• accessing microphone
• accessing phone contact list
• accessing calendars
• accessing photos
• scheduling reminders

In contrast to other answers, there is an official list of permissions that are asked at runtime. It is in the iOS Security Guide (p. 84):

iOS helps prevent apps from accessing a user’s personal information without permission. Additionally, in Settings, users can see which apps they have permitted to access certain information, as well as grant or revoke any future access. This includes access to:

• Contacts
• Calendars
• Reminders
• Photos
• Motion activity and fitness
• Location Services
• Apple Music
• Your music and video activity
• Microphone
• Camera
• HomeKit
• Health
• Speech recognition
• Bluetooth sharing
• Your media library

If the user signs in to iCloud, apps are granted access by default to iCloud Drive. Users may control each app’s access under iCloud in Settings. Additionally, iOS provides restrictions that prevent data movement between apps and accounts installed by an MDM solution and those installed by the user.

Since iOS 10 it is required to provide a description for the requested permission. In the developer documentation of the frameworks you will see if such a description is required and accessing it's API will lead to an permission prompt (or crash if not description is given), e.g. see the hint in the developer documentation of the Contacts framework:

Important

An iOS app linked on or after iOS 10.0 must include in its Info.plist file the usage description keys for the types of data it needs to access or it will crash. To access Contacts data specifically, it must include NSContactsUsageDescription.

Additionally, a good source of available permissions for each iOS/macOS version is in the Information Property List Key Reference (search for UsageDescription contained in words).

There is at least one other undocumented permission that requires user consent at runtime:

• Network Content Filter (no usage description; requires Network Extension entitlement)