Do Robo Monkeys do more damage than Sun Gods?
It's a bit hard to compute, but I'll try my best.
According to multiple sources, a single sun ray from the Sun God will pop 15 balloons. The Sun God fires 3 streams total.
The Robo Monkey can pop a total of 7 balloons per shot, and shoots twice at the same time.
However, the sunrays diverge somewhat and have a tougher time hitting individual MOAB-class balloons. They also fire at half the rate of the Robo Monkey's streams.
The Sun God's streams do pierce, however, making them better at clearing out large swaths of balloons at once.
There's a lot of back and forth there, but I'd say the real advantage of the Sun God that makes me pick it almost every time over the Robo Monkey is the ability to turn it into a temple, which makes it obscenely powerful and leaves room for more towers to be placed.