exclude weekends in javascript date calculation

When determining the number of days between two dates, there are lots of decisions to be made about what is a day. For example, the period 1 Feb to 2 Feb is generally one day, so 1 Feb to 1 Feb is zero days.

When adding the complexity of counting only business days, things get a lot tougher. E.g. Monday 2 Feb 2015 to Friday 6 February is 4 elapsed days (Monday to Tuesday is 1, Monday to Wednesday is 2, etc.), however the expression "Monday to Friday" is generally viewed as 5 business days and the duration Mon 2 Feb to Sat 7 Feb should also be 4 business days, but Sunday to Saturday should be 5.

So here's my algorithm:

  1. Get the total number of whole days between the two dates
  2. Divide by 7 to get the number of whole weeks
  3. Multiply the number of weeks by two to get the number of weekend days
  4. Subtract the number of weekend days from the whole to get business days
  5. If the number of total days is not an even number of weeks, add the numbe of weeks * 7 to the start date to get a temp date
  6. While the temp date is less than the end date:
  • if the temp date is not a Saturday or Sunday, add one the business days
  • add one to the temp date
  1. That's it.

The stepping part at the end can probably be replaced by some other algorithm, but it will never loop for more than 6 days so it's a simple and reasonably efficient solution to the issue of uneven weeks.

Some consequences of the above:

  1. Monday to Friday is 4 business days
  2. Any day to the same day in a different week is an even number of weeks and therefore an even mutiple of 5, e.g. Monday 2 Feb to Monday 9 Feb and Sunday 1 Feb to Sunday 8 Feb are 5 business days
  3. Friday 6 Feb to Sunday 7 Feb is zero business days
  4. Friday 6 Feb to Monday 9 Feb is one business day
  5. Sunday 8 Feb to: Sunday 15 Feb, Sat 14 Feb and Fri 13 Feb are all 5 business days

Here's the code:

// Expects start date to be before end date
// start and end are Date objects
function dateDifference(start, end) {

  // Copy date objects so don't modify originals
  var s = new Date(+start);
  var e = new Date(+end);
  
  // Set time to midday to avoid dalight saving and browser quirks
  s.setHours(12,0,0,0);
  e.setHours(12,0,0,0);
  
  // Get the difference in whole days
  var totalDays = Math.round((e - s) / 8.64e7);
  
  // Get the difference in whole weeks
  var wholeWeeks = totalDays / 7 | 0;
  
  // Estimate business days as number of whole weeks * 5
  var days = wholeWeeks * 5;

  // If not even number of weeks, calc remaining weekend days
  if (totalDays % 7) {
    s.setDate(s.getDate() + wholeWeeks * 7);
    
    while (s < e) {
      s.setDate(s.getDate() + 1);

      // If day isn't a Sunday or Saturday, add to business days
      if (s.getDay() != 0 && s.getDay() != 6) {
        ++days;
      }
    }
  }
  return days;
}

I don't know how it compares to jfriend00's answer or the code you referenced, if you want the period to be inclusive, just add one if the start or end date are a business day.


Here's a simple function to calculate the number of business days between two date objects. As designed, it does not count the start day, but does count the end day so if you give it a date on a Tuesday of one week and a Tuesday of the next week, it will return 5 business days. This does not account for holidays, but does work properly across daylight savings changes.

function calcBusinessDays(start, end) {
    // This makes no effort to account for holidays
    // Counts end day, does not count start day

    // make copies we can normalize without changing passed in objects    
    var start = new Date(start);
    var end = new Date(end);

    // initial total
    var totalBusinessDays = 0;

    // normalize both start and end to beginning of the day
    start.setHours(0,0,0,0);
    end.setHours(0,0,0,0);

    var current = new Date(start);
    current.setDate(current.getDate() + 1);
    var day;
    // loop through each day, checking
    while (current <= end) {
        day = current.getDay();
        if (day >= 1 && day <= 5) {
            ++totalBusinessDays;
        }
        current.setDate(current.getDate() + 1);
    }
    return totalBusinessDays;
}

And, the jQuery + jQueryUI code for a demo:

// make both input fields into date pickers
$("#startDate, #endDate").datepicker();

// process click to calculate the difference between the two days
$("#calc").click(function(e) {
    var diff = calcBusinessDays(
        $("#startDate").datepicker("getDate"), 
        $("#endDate").datepicker("getDate")
    );
    $("#diff").html(diff);
});

And, here's a simple demo built with the date picker in jQueryUI: http://jsfiddle.net/jfriend00/z1txs10d/

Tags:

Javascript

Datetime

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