Sharepoint - How can I export a schema.xml file for a list from a SharePoint site?

You can retrieve the XML schema of any list by using the owssvr.dll call from your browser. Following is the syntax:

http://YOUR_SERVER_URL/PATH_TO_SITE_CONTAINING_LIST/_vti_bin/owssvr.dll?Cmd=ExportList&List={YOUR_LIST_GUID}

By replacing the Server and List GUID in above url will return you the XML Schema of the list.

This works in all versions of SharePoint (2007, 2010, 2013, 2016).

Enjoy!

Well ... SharePoint Manager 2010 lets you see the Schema for a list - that'd be my first stop.

Alternatively, save the site as a template, download the WSP to disk, and import into Visual Studio.