How can I run Sublime Text from the launcher as root every time?

Sublime Text should have a .desktop file located in /usr/share/applications/ named sublime-text.desktop.

Open it and change the Exec= line to include gksu (or gksudo they are the same) at the beginning.

Now unpin and repin the sublime text icon to the launcher.

NOTE: Your path to the sublime executable will probably be different, that's because I installed the Sublime 3 beta, don't worry about it, just add gksu.

gksudo - is graphical sudo. For instance you won`t see Password dialog if you run command "sudo nautilus" using Alt+F2 You may make a script (sh file)

#!/bin/bash
gksudo /usr/bin/<your_app>

Then

chmod +x <your scrypt.sh>

And then run it in Nautilus (check option "ask what to do when opening executable files" in settings)

Like Seth said, Sublime Text should have a .desktop file located in /usr/share/applications/ named something like sublime-text.desktop.

You can then open it up and change the exec= line to include gksudo at the beginning, so it should now look like this: gksudo <command already there for starting Sublime-text>.

While this will automatically launcher Sublime text with the gksudo window, you will still have to enter your password each time, which isn't what you want.

However, what you want is possible to do, but the only way I can think of would introduce a pretty serious security risk.

You would have to turn off the sudo timeout, which allows basically anything to run as sudo, without your permission, which basically defeats the entire purpose of the sudo password. Check out this question for some possible help with that.

All in all, I know of no way to do what you want entirely safely. If you don't mind risking your system a little, it can be done via turning off the sudo timeout, but I highly recommend against that.

You would still have to enter the sudo password each time you log on, but by turning off the sudo timeout you wouldn't have to enter it again until you logged out or rebooted.