How do I add an attachment to an email using System.Net.Mail?

Since the link from the accepted answer is gone, here it is from the Wayback Machine

TL;DR: mail.Attachments.Add(new Attachment(contentStream, "yourfilename.txt", "text/plain"));

Full:

static void AttachmentFromStream()
{

    //create the mail message
    MailMessage mail = new MailMessage();

    //set the addresses
    mail.From = new MailAddress("[email protected]");
    mail.To.Add("[email protected]");

    //set the content
    mail.Subject = "This is an email";
    mail.Body = "this content is in the body";

    //Get some binary data
    byte[] data = GetData();

    //save the data to a memory stream
    MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(data);

    //create the attachment from a stream. Be sure to name the data with a file and 
    //media type that is respective of the data
    mail.Attachments.Add(new Attachment(ms, "example.txt", "text/plain"));

    //send the message
    SmtpClient smtp = new SmtpClient("127.0.0.1");
    smtp.Send(mail);
}
static byte[] GetData()
{
    //this method just returns some binary data.
    //it could come from anywhere, such as Sql Server
    string s = "this is some text";
    byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(s);
    return data;
}

Got this answer from Microsoft docs:

public static void CreateMessageWithAttachment(string server)
{
    // Specify the file to be attached and sent.
    // This example assumes that a file named Data.xls exists in the
    // current working directory.
    string file = "data.xls";
    // Create a message and set up the recipients.
    MailMessage message = new MailMessage(
        "[email protected]",
        "[email protected]",
        "Quarterly data report.",
        "See the attached spreadsheet.");

    // Create  the file attachment for this email message.
    Attachment data = new Attachment(file, MediaTypeNames.Application.Octet);
    // Add time stamp information for the file.
    ContentDisposition disposition = data.ContentDisposition;
    disposition.CreationDate = System.IO.File.GetCreationTime(file);
    disposition.ModificationDate = System.IO.File.GetLastWriteTime(file);
    disposition.ReadDate = System.IO.File.GetLastAccessTime(file);
    // Add the file attachment to this email message.
    message.Attachments.Add(data);

    //Send the message.
    SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient(server);
    // Add credentials if the SMTP server requires them.
    client.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultNetworkCredentials;

    try
    {
        client.Send(message);
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Exception caught in CreateMessageWithAttachment(): {0}",
            ex.ToString());
    }
    // Display the values in the ContentDisposition for the attachment.
    ContentDisposition cd = data.ContentDisposition;
    Console.WriteLine("Content disposition");
    Console.WriteLine(cd.ToString());
    Console.WriteLine("File {0}", cd.FileName);
    Console.WriteLine("Size {0}", cd.Size);
    Console.WriteLine("Creation {0}", cd.CreationDate);
    Console.WriteLine("Modification {0}", cd.ModificationDate);
    Console.WriteLine("Read {0}", cd.ReadDate);
    Console.WriteLine("Inline {0}", cd.Inline);
    Console.WriteLine("Parameters: {0}", cd.Parameters.Count);
    foreach (DictionaryEntry d in cd.Parameters)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("{0} = {1}", d.Key, d.Value);
    }
    data.Dispose();
}

The attachment constructor does indeed have a constructor that does what you need. I'm assuming you're using the System.Net.MailMessage class from .NET Framework 2. If so read this link for some sample code of what you need