How do you fade in/out a background color using jquery?
If you want to specifically animate the background color of an element, I believe you need to include jQueryUI framework. Then you can do:
$('#myElement').animate({backgroundColor: '#FF0000'}, 'slow');
jQueryUI has some built-in effects that may be useful to you as well.
http://jqueryui.com/demos/effect/
This exact functionality (3 second glow to highlight a message) is implemented in the jQuery UI as the highlight effect
https://api.jqueryui.com/highlight-effect/
Color and duration are variable