How to inspect clients that are connected to a GRPC server
I found some more documentation and examples of channelz, other people have been suggesting it and it seems like what you want.
Here's a pull request that gives an example of channelz being used. It only uses the GetServer channelz API, so you'll have to adapt it.
And here's a unit test that uses channelz, which tests APIs that are probably relevant GetTopChannels API.