How to List Unmounted partition of a harddisk and Mount them?
Listing Unmounted Partitions
To address the listing of the unmounted partitions part, there are several ways - lsblk, fdisk, parted, blkid.
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 111.8G 0 disk
└─sda1 8:1 0 111.8G 0 part /
sdb 8:16 0 232.9G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 1.5G 0 part
├─sdb2 8:18 0 138.6G 0 part /media/WINDOWS
├─sdb3 8:19 0 8.1G 0 part
├─sdb4 8:20 0 1K 0 part
├─sdb5 8:21 0 68.5G 0 part
└─sdb6 8:22 0 5.8G 0 part
loop0 7:0 0 100G 0 loop
└─docker-8:1-1589297-pool (dm-0) 252:0 0 100G 0 dm
loop1 7:1 0 2G 0 loop
└─docker-8:1-1589297-pool (dm-0) 252:0 0 100G 0 dm
$ sudo fdisk -l
[sudo] password for xieerqi:
Disk /dev/sda: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders, total 234441648 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000b5321
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 234440703 117219328 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x96360d50
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 2048 3074047 1536000 27 Hidden NTFS WinRE
/dev/sdb2 3074048 293617502 145271727+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sdb3 471437312 488396799 8479744 17 Hidden HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb4 293617662 471437311 88909825 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 315830272 459382783 71776256 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 459384832 471437311 6026240 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Partition table entries are not in disk order
Disk /dev/mapper/docker-8:1-1589297-pool: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/docker-8:1-1589297-pool doesn't contain a valid partition table
$ sudo parted -l
[sudo] password for xieerqi:
Model: ATA Radeon R7 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 120GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 120GB 120GB primary ext4 boot
Model: ATA TOSHIBA MK2555GS (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 250GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 1574MB 1573MB primary ntfs boot, diag
2 1574MB 150GB 149GB primary ntfs
4 150GB 241GB 91.0GB extended
5 162GB 235GB 73.5GB logical ext4
6 235GB 241GB 6171MB logical linux-swap(v1)
3 241GB 250GB 8683MB primary ntfs hidden
Model: Linux device-mapper (thin-pool) (dm)
Disk /dev/mapper/docker-8:1-1589297-pool: 107GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 107GB 107GB ext4
$ sudo blkid
[sudo] password for xieerqi:
/dev/sda1: UUID="86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="System" UUID="F4F688B2F68876A0" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb2: LABEL="TI105866W0A" UUID="4EBAAE53BAAE36FD" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb3: LABEL="HDDRECOVERY" UUID="BC4ED40D4ED3BDF8" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb5: UUID="0ca7543a-5463-4a07-8bbe-233a7b0bd625" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb6: UUID="3a6e2270-19a2-49d7-aab3-5efb92d3b3d0" TYPE="swap"
/dev/loop0: UUID="a3693b88-7899-4628-848d-d9012205cf56" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/docker-8:1-1589297-pool: UUID="a3693b88-7899-4628-848d-d9012205cf56" TYPE="ext4"
$
One could use a little bit of AWK magic to parse output of lsblk to list all the unmounted partitions :
$ lsblk --noheadings --raw | awk '$1~/s.*[[:digit:]]/ && $7==""'
sdb1 8:17 0 1.5G 0 part
sdb3 8:19 0 8.1G 0 part
sdb4 8:20 0 1K 0 part
sdb5 8:21 0 68.5G 0 part
sdb6 8:22 0 5.8G 0 part
Or alternatively:
$ lsblk --noheadings --raw -o NAME,MOUNTPOINT | awk '$1~/[[:digit:]]/ && $2 == ""'
sdb1
sdb2
sdb3
sdb4
sdb5
What exactly is happening there is that we're listing all the
lines which have first column starting with letter s (because that's how drives typically are named) and ending with a number (which represent partitions). In my previous output you could see that I have other filesystems, such as for docker, so in the above command we're getting rid of all the unnecessary stuff.
Mounting Partitions
I've found that mount can be picky： it needs to know exact filesystem, it needs to be run as root, etc. udisksctl mount -b /dev/sXY is a much better command, can be ran as regular user, and mounts automatically to the /media/$USER/ folder. For example,
$ udisksctl mount -b /dev/sdb5
Mounted /dev/sdb5 at /media/xieerqi/0ca7543a-5463-4a07-8bbe-233a7b0bd625.
This is what I developed for listing unmounted volumes:
lsblk --noheadings --raw | awk '{print substr($0,0,4)}' | uniq -c | grep 1 | awk '{print "/dev/"$2}'
sudo blkid -o list
will list all the mounted and unmounted partitions. In addition you can use mount and df to see all mount points.
mount -t type device destination_dir
can be used to mount your device/partition.