How to restart Chrome Remote Desktop from command line
Restarting the service
Linux: The host process is a normal Linux service, so you can restart it by typing this in your SSH session:
sudo service chrome-remote-desktop restart
You should only have to wait a few seconds before it's ready for you to try connecting.
Windows, run these commands to restart the service (thanks @JohnLock):
net stop chromoting
net start chromoting
macOS:
launchctl start org.chromium.chromoting
Reinstalling the service
(I don't know how to install/reinstall Chrome Remote Desktop via SSH. Someone please update this answer if you know how.)
On Windows:
net stop chromoting
net start chromoting