Is it possible to run some HTML5 input types in IE8?

IE8 doesn't support <input type="range">. The most seamless way to accomplish this in older browsers is to detect support and use "polyfills" where needed. A polyfill is designed to add support to older browsers, typically using some JavaScript that tries to emulate what the native behaviour would be.

This page has a great list of polyfills. (And Modernizr is a great way to detect support for these sorts of things.) You'll find polyfills for various input types in that list.

You can use modernizr To check if your browser supports HTML5.
And you could use Jquery UI Slider it work in IE8

Check this page : http://jqueryui.com/slider/
demo: http://jsbin.com/eduren/1/edit

To read slider value/percentage value:
var val = $('#slider').slider("option", "value");

Right of my mind I think of Chrome frame, a Google project to bring Chrome engine under Trident hood.

URL: http://www.google.com/chromeframe

I never tried myself. When a browser experience a bug, we fix it or find a workaround. I'm not a big fan of add-on, especially from an administration point-of-view.

Another option would be to use modernizr library to detect the browser capability and find a work around for it. There is always some hacky way to get your way out. Using html5 shiv could be a way to find your way out. And that's the second option I prefer when dealing with IE8. Regards.