Kubectl using command to get cluster status

In addition to Michael's answer, that would only tell you about the API server or master and internal services like KubeDns etc, but not the nodes.

It depends on your need and definition of "status" here. You could run kubectl cluster-info followed by kubectl get nodes and check the STATUS column for all nodes using parsing tools like awk, jq or kubectl's own -o jsonpath option to verify that all nodes are ready.

The least expensive way to check if you can reach the API server is kubectl version. In addition kubectl cluster-info gives you some more info.