Sharepoint - List all subsites with REST API
Finally I changed the code a little :
url: "/portal/_api/web/webs/?$select=title,ServerRelativeUrl",
And also I gave additionnal permission to my user :
Browse Directories
And everything works...
Update 2018: I found another way
url: '/portal/_api/web/GetSubwebs(nWebTemplateFilter=-1,nConfigurationFilter=-1)',
This link should give you all sites and subsites:
https://yoursharepointsite.com/_api/search/query?querytext='(contentclass:STS_Site) (contentclass:STS_Web)'&trimduplicates=false&rowlimit=5000&selectproperties='Title,Url,Path,ParentLink'
You may need to handle duplicates if they come.