Apple - Preview hangs when opening any image or pdf

Probably resetting Preview by deleting its configuration from ~/Library could solve that problem.

cd ~/Library
rm Caches/com.apple.Preview \
   Containers/com.apple.Preview \
   Preferences/com.apple.Preview.LSSharedFileList.plist\
   Preferences/com.apple.Preview.SandboxedPersistentURLs.LSSharedFileList.plist \
   "Saved Application State"/com.apple.Preview.savedState

Restart Preview and test.

I had the same issue on OS X 10.10.5, and removing only ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.Preview was enough to solve.

tar czf ~/preview_cache.tgz ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.Preview/ # make a backup copy
rm -rf ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.Preview/

Then, run Preview again, and if the issue is solved, you can remove the backup:

rm ~/preview_cache.tgz