Reshaping data to plot in R using ggplot2

Use reshape2

library(reshape2)

 x$id <- seq_len(nrow(x))
melted <- melt(x, id.vars = c('id','V1'))
# rename
names(melted) <- c('id', 'x', 'variable', 'y')

basic reshape can do the trick:

oldx = read.table(textConnection("V1 V2 V3 V4  
-4800 25195.73 7415.219 7264.28  
-2800 15195.73 5415.219 7264.28"), header=TRUE) 

print(oldx)  
     V1       V2       V3      V4  
1 -4800 25195.73 7415.219 7264.28  
2 -2800 15195.73 5415.219 7264.28 

now run this:

newx<-reshape(oldx, dir="long", idvar="V1",varying=c("V2","V3","V4"), v.names="y")  
names(newx) <- c('x','id','y') 

which yields:

print(newx)  
            x id         y  
-4800.1 -4800  1 25195.730  
-2800.1 -2800  1 15195.730  
-4800.2 -4800  2  7415.219  
-2800.2 -2800  2  5415.219  
-4800.3 -4800  3  7264.280  
-2800.3 -2800  3  7264.280  

That's now very simple with the newish tidyr::pivot_longer

library(tidyverse)

mydat <- read.table(text = "V1       V2       V3      V4
1 -4800 25195.73 7415.219 7264.28
2 -2800 15195.73 5415.219 7264.28") 
  
mydat %>% pivot_longer(cols = -V1) 
#> # A tibble: 6 x 3
#>      V1 name   value
#>   <int> <chr>  <dbl>
#> 1 -4800 V2    25196.
#> 2 -4800 V3     7415.
#> 3 -4800 V4     7264.
#> 4 -2800 V2    15196.
#> 5 -2800 V3     5415.
#> 6 -2800 V4     7264.

# or you could then pipe this directly to your ggplot call 
mydat %>% 
  pivot_longer(cols = -V1) %>%
  ggplot(aes(V1, value, color = name)) +
  geom_line()

^{Created on 2020-07-30 by the reprex package (v0.3.0)}