show only physical disks when using df and mount

You can solve the df1 argument issue by using the following alias:

alias df1='df --type btrfs --type ext4 --type ext3 --type ext2 --type vfat --type iso9660'

make sure to add any other type (xfs, fuseblk (for modern NTFS support, as @Pandya pointed out), etc) you're interested in. With that you can do df1 -h and get the expected result.

mount does have a -t option but you cannot specify it multiple times (only the last is taken), there I would use:

alias mount1="mount | /bin/grep -E '^/'"

I am using grep -E as egrep is deprecated and using /bin/grep makes sure you're not using --colour=auto from an alias for grep/egrep

If switching to a different df is an option, use pydf instead, as it doesn't show filesystems having 0 blocks by default, and has a gauge, colors, and some other properties enabled by default. It works fairly well aliased to df, and the original is always available using \df anyway.

You can define the function as follows:

function df1() { df "$@" | grep -E '^/'; }

Example output:

$ df1 -h
/dev/sda8        25G  8.1G   16G  35% /
/dev/sda4        25G   20G  5.8G  78% /media/pandya/Documents+Edu
/dev/sda3       9.5G  7.1G  2.0G  79% /media/pandya/Ext4
/dev/sda7        24G   17G  6.9G  71% /media/pandya/Extra+Other
/dev/sda6        26G   25G  448M  99% /media/pandya/Media+Game
/dev/sda10       15G  7.9G  7.1G  53% /media/pandya/Miscellaneous
/dev/sda5        36G   22G   14G  63% /media/pandya/Software+OS

Here $@ lets you to input your arguments! [Note that $@ should always be written within double quotation marks unless you have a concrete reason not to. -ed]