SQLite INSERT - ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE (UPSERT)

INSERT OR IGNORE INTO visits VALUES ($ip, 0);
UPDATE visits SET hits = hits + 1 WHERE ip LIKE $ip;

This requires the "ip" column to have a UNIQUE (or PRIMARY KEY) constraint.

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EDIT: Another great solution: https://stackoverflow.com/a/4330694/89771.

Since 3.24.0 SQLite also supports upsert, so now you can simply write the following

INSERT INTO visits (ip, hits)
VALUES ('127.0.0.1', 1)
ON CONFLICT(ip) DO UPDATE SET hits = hits + 1;