Symfony 2 "Your session has timed out or you have disabled cookies"
I ultimately found the answer here: Symfony authentication - can't get past login page in production (The answer by pleerock)
But wanted to link the error message in my subject line with this solution below:
security:
firewalls:
main:
form_login:
require_previous_session: false
This fixed the issue for browsers which hadn't been logged in prior to the problem.
For my browser which had already been logged in, I had to manually delete the session cookie to get things working again.