What is the best way to use two keys with a std::map?

Use std::pair<int32,int32> for the key:

std::map<std::pair<int,int>, int> myMap;

myMap[std::make_pair(10,20)] = 25;
std::cout << myMap[std::make_pair(10,20)] << std::endl;

I usually solve this kind of problem like this:

struct Point {
    int x;
    int y;
};

inline bool operator<(const Point& p1, const Point& p2) {
    if (p1.x != p2.x) {
        return p1.x < p2.x;
    } else {
        return p1.y < p2.y;
    }
}

Boost has a map container that uses one or more indices.

Multi Index Map