Winning strategy at chomp (a chocolate bar game)?
Here are two papers, from 2002 and 2007; not sure if they are new to you.
Jan Draisma and Sander van Rijnswou show in their paper, "How to chomp forests, and some other graphs" (2002), that Chomp can be completely solved when the underlying graph $G$ is a forest. From the Abstract:
Interesting consequences are: first, that the starting player has a winning strategy for any non-empty tree; and second, that he has a winning strategy for the complete graph on $n$ vertices if and only if $n$ is not a multiple of 3.
A second relatively recent paper is, "Scaling, Renormalization, and Universality in Combinatorial Games: The Geometry of Chomp," by Eric J. Friedman and Adam Scott Landsberg (Combinatorial Optimization and Applications, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2007, Volume 4616/2007, 200-207). Their results resist succinct summary, but, for example, they are able to compute "the expected number of winning moves" under certain circumstances.
The non-constructive proof you refer to is proving a $\Pi_2$ statement, and therefore can be unwound to give an explicit proof. (This was pointed out to me by Mints, in the context of the game Hex, for which the same situation occurs.)
If the argument is what I expect it to be The strategy is to simply produce the tree of all possible moves and then label them as winning or losing (for player 1) by induction: and end-state is winning if player 2 takes the poison, a node where player 1 moves is winning if any of its children are winning, and a node where player 2 moves is winning if all of its children are winning. Roughly the same argument as in the non-constructive proof shows that the root node is winning, and so player 1's strategy is just to always move so they end up on a winning node.
(Of course, this isn't an elegant strategy, so there's still a reasonable open question there, but it is a known winning strategy in any formal sense of the term.)