Is it possible for a research article to be informative and ground breaking without referencing any other work?

I know of exactly one peer-reviewed research paper with no references at all.

Mark H. Overmars and Emo Welzl. The complexity of cutting paper. Proceedings of the [First Annual] Symposium on Computational Geometry, 316–321, 1985.

Here is a screenshot of the references section:

According to Google Scholar, this paper has been cited 29 times.

So yes, it is possible, for the right value of "ground-breaking", but extremely rare.

Are you asking for a paper that cites nothing else, or more broadly doesn't even acknowledge that anyone earlier had worked on related ideas?

A famous example of the first case is Einstein's "Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper," the paper in which he introduced special relativity. An English translation is at https://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/. It has no bibliography. The first footnote suggests a work by Lorentz could have been a reference, but it was not.