Is it possible to declare a virtual static constant value in a C++ class?

A static method cannot be virtual, and no data members can be virtual.

But you can hide static fields in derived classes and use a virtual method to return them.

class A
{
public:
    static const int ID = 0;
    virtual int getID() { return A::ID; }
};
class B : A
{
public:
    static const int ID = 1;
    virtual int getID() { return B::ID; }
};

Alternative:

class A
{
public:
    A(int id = 0) : ID(id) {}
    const int ID;
    getID() { return ID; }
};
class B : public A
{
public:
    B() : A(1) {}
};