Apple - Is there a way to see the time that a photo was taken on the iPhone?

You are not missing anything, the iPhone has no mechanism to see that information natively. However, if you search for EXIF on the App Store, there are a few (some free) apps that will happily do that in the device itself.

You must note that, due to the way iTunes work, pictures coming from iTunes will not have their metadata associated. Sad but true.

Yes - the old mobile iPhoto app as well as the Photos app shows all sorts of photo metadata (assuming you allowed the camera app to store it in the first place) including the capture time.

Camera roll and Photo stream are part of the Library, so you should be good to go. You can get the above screen by tapping the i with the rectangle to bring up the information for photos stored in the library.

In the case of time, even if you deny location services, it should have the timestamp based on the file's creation date/time.

To view the EXIF data (time taken, GPS coordinates, and other values) of your photos on the iPhone you will need a 3'rd party application. I could only find these two on the app store:

• Exif & IPTC Metadata Browser
• Exif Wizard