Is there any way of getting current user's password in Windows 10?

Yes, all of that in your article should still work on Windows 10. Here is another great resource on using Mimikatz that I have found helpful: https://adsecurity.org/?page_id=1821.

One note though, Windows 10 Enterprise has the availability of Credential Guard. If the system is running Enterprise version and has Credential Guard enabled, the hashes are not currently accessible to the best of my knowledge.

Plain text? Simply, in Windows 10, no. In Windows 7, WDigest is still enabled by default so passwords ARE horrifically cached in plain text. In Windows 10, that is gone by default. Ref: https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/kfalde/2014/11/01/kb2871997-and-wdigest-part-1/