itertools.groupby code example

Example 1: intertools combinations implementation

def combinations(iterable, r):
    # combinations('ABCD', 2) --> AB AC AD BC BD CD
    # combinations(range(4), 3) --> 012 013 023 123
    pool = tuple(iterable)
    n = len(pool)
    if r > n:
        return
    indices = range(r)
    yield tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)
    while True:
        for i in reversed(range(r)):
            if indices[i] != i + n - r:
                break
        else:
            return
        indices[i] += 1
        for j in range(i+1, r):
            indices[j] = indices[j-1] + 1
        yield tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)

Example 2: itertools.zip_longest fill value

from itertools import zip_longest

chars = []
correct = 'hangman'
guess = 'winger'
for c, g in zip_longest(correct, guess, fillvalue='_'):
    if c == g:
        chars.append(c)
    else:
        chars.append('_')

print(chars)
# ['_', '_', 'n', 'g', '_', '_', '_']

word = ''.join(chars)
print(word)
# __ng___