JavaFX 2 BorderPane Use Full Space

OK, so a few things going wrong here, I'll try to address them provide some advice and a sample solution.

I try to place a vBox including a TextField and a HTML-Editor in my BorderPane, but the full space is not used.

You need to use the VBox.setVgrow(editor, Priority.ALWAYS) method to get the HTMLEditor to take up any extra space in the VBox. Also, make sure that the HTMLeditor has an unbounded max height so that it can grow to fit the available area, for example editor.setMaxSize(Double.MAX_VALUE, Double.MAX_VALUE). Calling editorBox.setFillWidth(true) is redundant as the default value for the fillWidth property is true.

But even if you do all that, (as of 2.2b13) there is a bug in WebPane sizing which will cause you problems. Internally the WebPane is implemented as a GridPane containing the Toolbar and an editable WebView. By default, WebView has a preferred size of 800x600. The HtmlEditor control does not set the GridPane constraints for the WebView to allow it to be sized past it's preferred size.

To work around this, you can lookup the WebView via a css lookup after it has been added to an active Scene and adjust the GridPane constraints manually. Here is some code to do that:

stage.show();
...
WebView webview = (WebView) editor.lookup("WebView");
GridPane.setHgrow(webview, Priority.ALWAYS);
GridPane.setVgrow(webview, Priority.ALWAYS);

I shrink the window, the html-editor overlaps with my left option window.

Explicitly set the minimum width setting for the center pane in your BorderPane so that it won't overflow over the outer edge Panes.

editorBox.setMinSize(0, 0);

You need to do this because the BorderPane documentation states:

BorderPane does not clip its content by default, so it is possible that childrens' bounds may extend outside its own bounds if a child's min size prevents it from being fit within it space.

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As an aside the lookup calls in your code are suspicious. Normally you can't lookup nodes by css ID until the node has been added to an active scene on a displayed stage and the JavaFX system has had a chance to run a CSS layout pass on the node - otherwise the lookup will just return null.

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For debugging JavaFX layout issues, the ScenicView application is invaluable.

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Here is a complete example to generate a layout similar to the image linked in your question, but without the issues you mention.

import com.javafx.experiments.scenicview.ScenicView;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URL;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.*;
import javafx.scene.layout.*;
import javafx.scene.web.*;
import javafx.stage.*;

public class HtmlEditorInBorderPane extends Application {
  public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); }
  @Override public void start(final Stage stage) throws IOException {
    // option pane.
    VBox optionPane = new VBox(10);
    MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
    menuBar.getMenus().addAll(new Menu("School"), new Menu("Social"), new Menu("Network"));
    TreeItem<String> root = new TreeItem<>("Private Notes");
    root.setExpanded(false);
    root.getChildren().addAll(new TreeItem<>("Layout"), new TreeItem<>("is not"), new TreeItem<>("easy"));
    TreeView<String> notes = new TreeView<>(root);
    optionPane.getChildren().addAll(menuBar, new Label("Kaiser Notes"), notes);
    optionPane.setStyle("-fx-background-color: cornsilk; -fx-padding: 10;");

    // editor pane.
    HTMLEditor editor = new HTMLEditor();
    VBox editorBox = new VBox(10);
    TextField textField = new TextField();
    editorBox.getChildren().addAll(textField, editor);
    editorBox.setStyle("-fx-background-color: mistyrose; -fx-padding: 10;");
    editor.setHtmlText(getSampleText());

    // option layout constraints
    VBox.setVgrow(notes, Priority.ALWAYS);

    // editor layout constraints
    textField.setMinHeight(Control.USE_PREF_SIZE); // stop the textfield from getting squashed when the scene is sized small.
    VBox.setVgrow(editor, Priority.ALWAYS);        // tells the editor to fill available vertical space.
    editorBox.setMinSize(0, 0);                    // stops the editor from overflowing it's bounds in a BorderPane.

    // layout the scene.
    BorderPane layout = new BorderPane();
    layout.setLeft(optionPane);
    layout.setCenter(editorBox);
    stage.setScene(new Scene(layout));
    stage.show();

    // addition of static layout grow constraints for the htmleditor embedded webview.
    WebView webview = (WebView) editor.lookup("WebView");
    GridPane.setHgrow(webview, Priority.ALWAYS);  // allow the webview to grow beyond it's preferred width of 800.
    GridPane.setVgrow(webview, Priority.ALWAYS);  // allow the webview to grow beyond it's preferred height of 600.
  }

  // get some dummy lorem ipsum sample text.
  private String getSampleText() throws IOException {
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
    try (BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new URL("http://www.lorem-ipsum-text.com/").openStream()))) {
      String string;
      while ((string = in.readLine()) != null) {
        builder.append(string);
      }
    }
    return builder.toString();
  }
}