how to allow equal character in get route parameter laravel code example

Example 1: named route with parameter laravel

Route::get('/menu/{category}/{product}/{item}', ['as' => 'named.route' , 'uses' => 'MenuController@listItem']);

// to get the actual linke
route('named.route', ['category' => $category->id, 'product' => $product->id, 'item' => $item->id]);

Example 2: laravel route

Route::get('user/{id}', function ($id) {
    return 'User '.$id;
});