typescript or type code example

Example 1: typescript union types

type Cow = {
  name: string;
  moo: () => void;
};

type Dog = {
  name: string;
  bark: () => void;
};

type Cat = {
  name: string;
  meow: () => void;
};

// union type
type Animals = Cow | Dog | Cat;

Example 2: typescript type definition

// cannot use object for type defination because this is not recommended
// use Record<string, any> this same with object

const name: string = "john doe"
const age: number = 30

const days1: string[] = ["sunday","monday","thuesday","wenesday"]
const numb1: number[] = [1,2,3,4,5]

const days2: Array<string> = ["sunday","monday","thuesday","wenesday"]
const numb2: Array<number> = [1,2,3,4,5]

const person: Record<string, any> = {
	name: "john doe",
	age: 30
}

async function name(): Promise<string> {
	return "john doe"
}

name().then(console.log)

async function str(): Promise<string[]> {
	return ["sunday","monday","thuesday","wenesday"]
}

str().then(console.log)

async function int(): Promise<int[]> {
	return [1,2,3,4,5]
}

int().then(console.log)

async function objectValue(): Promise<Record<string, any>> {
	const person: Record<string, any> = {
	 name: "john doe",
	 age: 30
	}
  return person
}

objectValue().then(console.log)

async function objectValueMulti(): Promise<Record<string, any>[]> {
	const person: Record<string, any>[] = [{
	 name: "john doe",
	 age: 30
	},{
	 name: "jane doe",
	 age: 30
	}]
  return person
}

objectValueMulti().then(console.log)

Example 3: custom types in typescript

// simple type
type Websites = 'www.google.com' | 'reddit.com';
let mySite: Websites = 'www.google.com' //pass
//or
let mySite: Website = 'www.yahoo.com' //error
// the above line will show error because Website type will only accept 2 strings either 'www.google.com' or 'reddit.com'.
// another example. 
type Details = { id: number, name: string, age: number };
let student: Details = { id: 803, name: 'Max', age: 13 }; // pass
//or 
let student: Details = { id: 803, name: 'Max', age: 13, address: 'Delhi' } // error
// the above line will show error because 'address' property is not assignable for Details type variables.
//or
let student: Details = { id: 803, name: 'Max', age: '13' }; // error
// the above line will show error because string value can't be assign to the age value, only numbers.

Example 4: type gurad

1) Type guards narrow down the type of a variable within a conditional block.
2) Use the 'typeof' and 'instanceof operators to implement type guards in the
	conditional blocks.
   
//example(typeof)
if (typeof a === 'number' && typeof b === 'number') {
    return a + b;
}

(instanceof)
if (job instanceof detail){
	jobless = false ;
}

Example 5: typescript

interface LabelledValue {
  label: string;
}

function printLabel(labelledObj: LabelledValue) {
  console.log(labelledObj.label);
}

let myObj = {size: 10, label: "Size 10 Object"};
printLabel(myObj);