why we use callback after setstate code example

Example 1: How to use `setState` callback on react hooks

//You need to use useEffect hook to achieve this.

const [counter, setCounter] = useState(0);

const doSomething = () => {
  setCounter(123);
}

useEffect(() => {
   console.log('Do something after counter has changed', counter);
}, [counter]);

Example 2: react functional components setstate callback

const [state, setState] = useState({ name: "Michael" })
const isFirstRender = useRef(true)

useEffect(() => {
  if (!isFirstRender.current) {
    console.log(state) // do something after state has updated
  }
}, [state])

useEffect(() => { 
  isFirstRender.current = false // toggle flag after first render/mounting
}, [])