Jenkins Pipeline cannot execute SH command file in a Windows slave

I will leave my workaround as an answer for while before approve it once I'm still not 100% sure about the root cause and might someone else show up with a elegant solution...

def shell(command) {
    return bat(returnStdout: true, script: "sh -x -c \"${command}\"").trim()
}

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Attention

You still executing SH commands in a CMD, it means some %d for example can break your SH command.

Use the bat step instead of sh.

From Jenkins docs:

Windows-based systems should use the bat step for executing batch commands.