merge sort c++ code example

Example 1: merge sort c#

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace Merge_sort
{    
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            List<int> unsorted = new List<int>();
            List<int> sorted;

            Random random = new Random();

            Console.WriteLine("Original array elements:" );
            for(int i = 0; i< 10;i++){
                unsorted.Add(random.Next(0,100));
                Console.Write(unsorted[i]+" ");
            }
            Console.WriteLine();

            sorted = MergeSort(unsorted);

            Console.WriteLine("Sorted array elements: ");
            foreach (int x in sorted)
            {
                Console.Write(x+" ");
            }
			Console.Write("\n");
        }
		

        private static List<int> MergeSort(List<int> unsorted)
        {
            if (unsorted.Count <= 1)
                return unsorted;

            List<int> left = new List<int>();
            List<int> right = new List<int>();

            int middle = unsorted.Count / 2;
            for (int i = 0; i < middle;i++)  //Dividing the unsorted list
            {
                left.Add(unsorted[i]);
            }
            for (int i = middle; i < unsorted.Count; i++)
            {
                right.Add(unsorted[i]);
            }

            left = MergeSort(left);
            right = MergeSort(right);
            return Merge(left, right);
        }

        private static List<int> Merge(List<int> left, List<int> right)
        {
            List<int> result = new List<int>();

            while(left.Count > 0 || right.Count>0)
            {
                if (left.Count > 0 && right.Count > 0)
                {
                    if (left.First() <= right.First())  //Comparing First two elements to see which is smaller
                    {
                        result.Add(left.First());
                        left.Remove(left.First());      //Rest of the list minus the first element
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        result.Add(right.First());
                        right.Remove(right.First());
                    }
                }
                else if(left.Count>0)
                {
                    result.Add(left.First());
                    left.Remove(left.First());
                }
                else if (right.Count > 0)
                {
                    result.Add(right.First());

                    right.Remove(right.First());    
                }    
            }
            return result;
        }
    }
}

Example 2: Merge sort in c++

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 

void merge(int arr[], int l, int m, int r)
{
    int n1 = m - l + 1;
    int n2 = r - m;
 
 
    int L[n1], R[n2];
 
   
    for (int i = 0; i < n1; i++)
        L[i] = arr[l + i];
    for (int j = 0; j < n2; j++)
        R[j] = arr[m + 1 + j];

 
    int i = 0;
 
    
    int j = 0;
 
    
    int k = l;
 
    while (i < n1 && j < n2) {
        if (L[i] <= R[j]) {
            arr[k] = L[i];
            i++;
        }
        else {
            arr[k] = R[j];
            j++;
        }
        k++;
    }
 
  
    while (i < n1) {
        arr[k] = L[i];
        i++;
        k++;
    }
 
   
    while (j < n2) {
        arr[k] = R[j];
        j++;
        k++;
    }
}
 

void mergeSort(int arr[],int l,int r){
    if(l>=r){
        return;
    }
    int m = (l+r-1)/2;
    mergeSort(arr,l,m);
    mergeSort(arr,m+1,r);
    merge(arr,l,m,r);
}
 

void printArray(int A[], int size)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
        cout << A[i] << " ";
}
 

int main()
{
    int arr[] = { 12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7 };
    int arr_size = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
 
    cout << "Given array is \n";
    printArray(arr, arr_size);
 
    mergeSort(arr, 0, arr_size - 1);
 
    cout << "\nSorted array is \n";
    printArray(arr, arr_size);
    return 0;
}

Example 3: merge sort

// @see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=es2T6KY45cA&vl=en
// @see https://www.cs.usfca.edu/~galles/visualization/ComparisonSort.html

function merge(list, start, midpoint, end) {
    const left = list.slice(start, midpoint);
    const right = list.slice(midpoint, end);
    for (let topLeft = 0, topRight = 0, i = start; i < end; i += 1) {
        if (topLeft >= left.length) {
            list[i] = right[topRight++];
        } else if (topRight >= right.length) {
            list[i] = left[topLeft++];
        } else if (left[topLeft] < right[topRight]) {
            list[i] = left[topLeft++];
        } else {
            list[i] = right[topRight++];
        }
    }
}

function mergesort(list, start = 0, end = undefined) {
    if (end === undefined) {
        end = list.length;
    }
    if (end - start > 1) {
        const midpoint = ((end + start) / 2) >> 0;
        mergesort(list, start, midpoint);
        mergesort(list, midpoint, end);
        merge(list, start, midpoint, end);
    }
    return list;
}

mergesort([4, 7, 2, 6, 4, 1, 8, 3]);

Example 4: merge sort algo

def mergeSort(arr): 
    if len(arr) >1: 
        mid = len(arr)//2 # Finding the mid of the array 
        L = arr[:mid] # Dividing the array elements  
        R = arr[mid:] # into 2 halves 
  
        mergeSort(L) # Sorting the first half 
        mergeSort(R) # Sorting the second half 
  
        i = j = k = 0
          
        # Copy data to temp arrays L[] and R[] 
        while i < len(L) and j < len(R): 
            if L[i] < R[j]: 
                arr[k] = L[i] 
                i+= 1
            else: 
                arr[k] = R[j] 
                j+= 1
            k+= 1
          
        # Checking if any element was left 
        while i < len(L): 
            arr[k] = L[i] 
            i+= 1
            k+= 1
          
        while j < len(R): 
            arr[k] = R[j] 
            j+= 1
            k+= 1
  
# Code to print the list 
def printList(arr): 
    for i in range(len(arr)):         
        print(arr[i], end =" ") 
    print() 
  
# driver code to test the above code 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
    arr = [12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7]  
    print ("Given array is", end ="\n")  
    printList(arr) 
    mergeSort(arr) 
    print("Sorted array is: ", end ="\n") 
    printList(arr)

Example 5: merge sort algorithm

/*  
    a[] is the array, p is starting index, that is 0, 
    and r is the last index of array. 
*/

#include <stdio.h>

// lets take a[5] = {32, 45, 67, 2, 7} as the array to be sorted.

// merge sort function
void mergeSort(int a[], int p, int r)
{
    int q;
    if(p < r)
    {
        q = (p + r) / 2;
        mergeSort(a, p, q);
        mergeSort(a, q+1, r);
        merge(a, p, q, r);
    }
}

// function to merge the subarrays
void merge(int a[], int p, int q, int r)
{
    int b[5];   //same size of a[]
    int i, j, k;
    k = 0;
    i = p;
    j = q + 1;
    while(i <= q && j <= r)
    {
        if(a[i] < a[j])
        {
            b[k++] = a[i++];    // same as b[k]=a[i]; k++; i++;
        }
        else
        {
            b[k++] = a[j++];
        }
    }
  
    while(i <= q)
    {
        b[k++] = a[i++];
    }
  
    while(j <= r)
    {
        b[k++] = a[j++];
    }
  
    for(i=r; i >= p; i--)
    {
        a[i] = b[--k];  // copying back the sorted list to a[]
    } 
}

// function to print the array
void printArray(int a[], int size)
{
    int i;
    for (i=0; i < size; i++)
    {
        printf("%d ", a[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}
 
int main()
{
    int arr[] = {32, 45, 67, 2, 7};
    int len = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
 
    printf("Given array: \n");
    printArray(arr, len);
    
    // calling merge sort
    mergeSort(arr, 0, len - 1);
 
    printf("\nSorted array: \n");
    printArray(arr, len);
    return 0;
}

Example 6: merge sort c++

#include "tools.hpp"
/*   >>>>>>>> (Recursive function that sorts a sequence of) <<<<<<<<<<<< 
     >>>>>>>> (numbers in ascending order using the merge function) <<<<                                 */
std::vector<int> sort(size_t start, size_t length, const std::vector<int>& vec)
{
	if(vec.size()==0 ||vec.size() == 1)
	return vec;

	vector<int> left,right; //===>  creating left and right vectors 

	size_t mid_point = vec.size()/2; //===>   midle point between the left vector and the right vector 

	for(int i = 0 ; i < mid_point; ++i){left.emplace_back(vec[i]);} //===>  left vector 
	for(int j = mid_point; j < length; ++j){ right.emplace_back(vec[j]);} //===>  right vector 

	left = sort(start,mid_point,left); //===>  sorting the left vector 
	right = sort(mid_point,length-mid_point,right);//===>  sorting the right vector 
	

	return merge(left,right); //===>   all the function merge to merge between the left and the right
}
/*

>>>>> (function that merges two sorted vectors of numberss) <<<<<<<<<                                    */ 
vector<int> merge(const vector<int>& a, const vector<int>& b)
{
	vector<int> merged_a_b(a.size()+b.size(),0); // temp vector that includes both left and right vectors
	int i = 0;
	int j = 0;
	int k = 0;
	int left_size = a.size();
	int right_size = b.size();
	while(i<left_size && j<right_size) 
	{
		if(a[i]<b[j])
		{
			merged_a_b[k]=a[i];
			i++;
		}
		else
		{
			merged_a_b[k]=b[j];
			j++;
		}
		k++;
	}
	while(i<left_size)
	{
		merged_a_b[k]=a[i];
		i++;
		k++;
	}
	while(j<right_size)
	{
		merged_a_b[k]=b[j];
		j++;
		k++;
	}
	
	return merged_a_b;

}

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