mongoose how to reference an object in the new code example

Example 1: mongoos populate a ref

const storySchema = Schema({
  authors: [{ type: Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Person' }],
  title: String
});

// Later

const story = await Story.findOne({ title: 'Casino Royale' }).populate('authors');
story.authors; // `[]`

Example 2: mongo object references in mongoose

User = new Schema({
    places:[{type: Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref:'Place'}],
    shouts:[{type: Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref:'Shout'}]
});
Place = new Schema({
    name:String,
    description:String,
});
Shout = new Schema({
    content:String,
});