Multiple independent read/write heads on the same hard drive platter?

It would improve latency by reducing head movements required (by having head set responsible for a specific band of the platter surface or by intelligently moving them for the given workload). It may also reduce the average amount of time the heads wait for the right bit of data to move past once they are in position (if the best positioned head was moved into place for each request). There might also be an in throughput for some use cases if the controller logic were bright enough to see the use pattern and keep the heads in the right general places.

But I don't think it will happen due to expense and complexity:

• You have to find room for the extra mechanical parts within the drive case (if you have ever opened a drive you'll see who difficult this could be - it would need a massive miniaturisation effort or a reduction in physical platter sizes).
• The extra intelligence required in the controller firmware in order to make any good use of the extra heads generally (without risking reducing performance in some use cases) would result in significant extra complexity, increasing the chance of bugs.
• Even with all the mechanical and programming effort the result would not match other much cheaper solutions that reduce latency and increase throughput. Specifically the use of solid state technologies and/or pairing (or tripling, and so on) individual drives in RAID0 arrays, so the idea would be very unlikely to be commercially viable.
• The extra mechanical complexity, as well as making the drives harder to manufacture, would make the them much more prone to failure.

Another similar idea that I've seen discussed is having the heads serving each platter surface move independently, but this is also impractical due to mechanical complexity.

The actual alternative to this is really SSD (Solid State Disk) drives which doesn't have a head or a platter. These are becoming more and more popular and cheaper by the week. I have done quite a bit of work with these drives and they are impressive to say the least.

I'm not aware of any manufacturer that builds such an animal but a RAID 0 card and two hard drives accomplish the same thing and more.